According to the recorded tradition the White Serbs split in two, with the half that became known as the Serbs coming down to settle Byzantine land.įrom 1815 to 1882, the official name for Serbia was the Principality of Serbia. In his work, De Administrando Imperio, Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus suggests that the Serbs originated from White Serbia near Francia. *Sŕby), one from a Proto-Slavic language with an appellative meaning of a "family kinship" and "alliance", while another from an Iranian-Sarmatian language with various meanings. There exist two prevailing theories on the origin of the ethnonym *Sŕbъ (plur. However, there are also sources that mention the same or similar names in other parts of the World (most notably in the Asiatic Sarmatia in the Caucasus). These authors used these names to refer to Serbs and Sorbs in areas where their historical and current presence is not disputable (notably in the Balkans and Lusatia). Historically, authors have mentioned the Serbs ( Serbian: Srbi / Срби) and the Sorbs of Eastern Germany ( Upper Sorbian: Serbja Lower Sorbian: Serby) in a variety of ways: Cervetiis ( Servetiis), gentis (S)urbiorum, Suurbi, Sorabi, Soraborum, Sorabos, Surpe, Sorabici, Sorabiet, Sarbin, Swrbjn, Servians, Sorbi, Sirbia, Sribia, Zirbia, Zribia, Suurbelant, Surbia, Serbulia / Sorbulia among others. The origin of the name Serbia is unclear. See also: Names of the Serbs and Serbia and Origin hypotheses of the Serbs The country provides universal health care and free primary and secondary education to its citizens. Serbia formally adheres to the policy of military neutrality. Since 2014, the country has been negotiating its EU accession, with the aim of joining the European Union by 2025. It is a unitary parliamentary constitutional republic, member of the UN, CoE, OSCE, PfP, BSEC, CEFTA, and is acceding to the WTO. Serbia is an upper-middle income economy, ranked "very high" in the Human Development Index domain (63rd position). In 2008, representatives of the Assembly of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence, with mixed responses from the international community while Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory. During the breakup of Yugoslavia, Serbia formed a union with Montenegro, which was peacefully dissolved in 2006, restoring Serbia's independence as a sovereign state for the first time since 1918. Following casualties in World War I, and the subsequent unification of the former Habsburg crownland of Vojvodina with Serbia, the country co-founded Yugoslavia with other South Slavic nations, which would exist in various political formations until the Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s. In the early 19th century, the Serbian Revolution established the nation-state as the region's first constitutional monarchy, which subsequently expanded its territory. By the mid-16th century, the Ottomans annexed the entirety of modern-day Serbia their rule was at times interrupted by the Habsburg Empire, which began expanding towards Central Serbia from the end of the 17th century while maintaining a foothold in Vojvodina. The Serbian Kingdom obtained recognition by the Holy See and Constantinople in 1217, reaching its territorial apex in 1346 as the Serbian Empire. Its capital Belgrade is also the largest city.Ĭontinuously inhabited since the Paleolithic Age, the territory of modern-day Serbia faced Slavic migrations in the 6th century, establishing several regional states in the early Middle Ages at times recognised as tributaries to the Byzantine, Frankish and Hungarian kingdoms. Serbia without Kosovo has about 6.7 million inhabitants, about 8.4 million if Kosovo is included. It shares land borders with Hungary to the north, Romania to the northeast, Bulgaria to the southeast, North Macedonia to the south, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina to the west, and Montenegro to the southwest, and claims a border with Albania through the disputed territory of Kosovo. Serbia ( / ˈ s ɜːr b i ə/ ( listen), SUR-bee-ə Serbian: Србија, Srbija, pronounced ( listen)), officially the Republic of Serbia ( Serbian: Република Србија, Republika Srbija, pronounced ( listen)), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin and the Balkans.
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